How to use qiskit in Jupyter Notebook?

I try to install qiskit in Jupyter using the following code in Jupyter notebook:

pip install qiskit

Then I got the following error:

Failed to build cryptography

How should I go about it?

You can create an environment with python and qiskit in it, then add this environment to Jupyter Notebook. Here is how you do it.

1. Create virtual environment and install qiskit

Install Anaconda if you don't already have it install Anaconda , then open Anaconda Prompt in your computer

Create a new environment with Python in it (I name it qiskit_env here). Note: qiskit only works with python version 3.6 or later.

conda create -n qiskit_env python=3.8

Activate this environment

conda activate qiskit_env

Install qiskit in this new environment

pip install qiskit[visualization]

zsh user (which is the default shell on newer versions of macOS), you’ll need to put 'qiskit[visualization]' in quotes

pip install 'qiskit[visualization]'

2.Add the new environment to Jupyter Notebook

Install ipykernal

conda install -c anaconda ipykernel

Add your qiskit environment to jupyter:

python -m ipykernel install --user --name=qiskit_env

Now open your Jupyter Notebook within the activated environment - This is very important. If you open Jupyter outside of this environment, the kernel won't be able to connect.

jupyter notebook

You should be able to create a new notebook with this new environment which has qiskit installed. Later on you can see this qiskit_env has been added to the kernel list in Jupyter notebook

BTW, if you need to install a new package in the qiskit_env, you can do the installation in this virtual environment, then install this environment to ipykernel again.

For example, to add qiskit_optimization to the qiskit_env:

Open Anaconda Prompt, and activate the environment

conda activate qiskit_env

Install qiskit_optimization package in this environment

pip install qiskit[optimization]

zsh user (which is the default shell on newer versions of macOS), you’ll need to put 'qiskit[optimization]' in quotes

pip install 'qiskit[optimization]'

At last, add your qiskit environment to jupyter again

python -m ipykernel install --user --name=qiskit_env